Emergency Cooking – How to Cook Without Electricity
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With our aging power grid and more blackouts and brownouts, it’s important to know how to cook without electricity. Emergency cooking options are also important during natural disasters. We’ll share how to have a hot meal – safely – when the grid is down.
Table of Contents
Remember: Be careful with open flames, and only cook indoors with products rated for indoor cooking . Don’t end up asphyxiated from cooking fuel fumes or burn your house down while trying to make a hot meal.
Indoor Safe Emergency Cooking/ Food Heating Options
These methods are safe to use indoors because they produce low or no emissions, or the emissions vent outdoors.
#1 – Portable Butane Stove – Personal Favorite
Packed in a convenient carry case, these portable butane stoves can go just about anywhere. They generate enough heat to cook meals from start to finish, not just reheat food. We used ours during power outages, and when we were waiting for a replacement stove.
The butane canisters are fairly expensive, but you can do a fair amount of cooking with each cylinder. For a small stove it puts out a surprising amount of heat, enough to boil water. I demonstrate how to use it in the video below or on Youtube.
CRV Safety Cap for Butane Canisters
For extra safety, we recommend butane canisters with CRV safety cap.
Rikki’s Scouting Resources notes:
The CRV (Countersink Release Vent) is a Butane can safety feature. It allows gas to vent through the perforations in the can rim when extreme heat or pressure is too much. Non CRV cans will exploded with damaging results.
Identify CRV approved cans by their certification marked on the can, either EN417 or UL147B. They also have a light blue color rim.
#2 – Mini Folding Camp Stove with Canned Fuel
These tiny folding stoves fold flat for storage. They give you a flat surface to cook on that fits over the top of a small, round fuel container. Use these with Sterno or other brands of chafing dish fuel cans.
These stoves produce a modest amount of heat. They work best for warming or reheating food.
These are safe to use inside or out, as long as there is some ventilation. Buffets in hotels and restaurants use Sterno cans for hours. These tiny stoves fold up very small, so they would be good for camping, an emergency pack, or a bug out bag.
Buy a Coghlan folding stove here
#3 – Wood Burning Stove
My grandmothers both used wood cook stoves and some of my homesteading friends still do. Even if you don’t have a cook stove, you can heat up food on top of a flat top wood burning stove. We have a masonry stove with built in bake oven.
Look for wood cook stoves where off-the-grid folks such as Amish and Mennonites shop. Some also come equipped with water reservoirs for heating water.
#4 – Self Heating Meals/Portable Cooking Bags
One of the simplest methods of heating food without power is food packaging with built in heating elements. A chemical reaction produces enough heat to warm the contents of the container. For example, adding water to an MRE Flameless Heater causes the packet to heat up to over 210°F.
Outdoor Use Only Emergency Cooking Options
These options do double duty, providing hot meals for outdoor activities and when you need to cook without electricity.
#5 – Propane Grill
Your standard propane grill works well as an emergency backup stove. Many people already have these stoves and know how to use them. The down side is that they are difficult, if not impossible, to use during really nasty weather. Keep a spare propane container on hand.
There are also small propane cookers specifically designed for camping. These compact units have room for a single pot on top.
Note: Store your propane cylinder outside and upright in a protected location. Do not store it inside a house or garage or near combustible materials. Avoid conditions where it will rust, potentially causing cylinder failure.
See Storing Propane Cylinders for more information. Propane will store indefinitely, as long as the seals and the storage take remain intact.
#6 – Charcoal Grill
Charcoal grills are less common than they used to be, but some people still use them, including yours truly. They have the same limitations as propane grills, and is less practical for small amounts of cooking or long, slow cooking.
Stock up on charcoal when it is on sale and store it anywhere dry. It has a very long shelf life. I highly recommend a cylindrical chimney starter to get your briquettes lit without starter fluid.
Would you like to save this?
Newspaper is less expensive than lighter fluid, plus you skip the extra dose of chemicals. Plan for extra time (20-30 minutes) for the grill to get up to temp for cooking.
#7 – Solar Cooker
Solar oven do everything from baking bread to cooking main dishes. They can also be used to dry foods and sterilize water. These work best in climates with plenty of sun, but we do use ours here in Wisconsin in the summer.
Check out “Getting Started with Solar Cooking” for more information.
#8 – Combination Stove like the Volcano Portable Stove
Some products use several different fuels, such as the Volcano Portable Stove, which works with charcoal, propane or wood. This would be a nice option to have on hand to take advantage of whatever fuel you have available. It weighs 4lbs, and the footprint when open is a17″ diameter circle.
#9 – Large Propane Burner/Deep Fryer
These big, high powered burners can crank out a lot of heat. The more common uses are: deep frying turkeys, fish boils and making enormous pots of soup (known as booyah in our area).
Use them to heat water for laundry or bathing, or to heat water for scalding chickens for processing. Make sure you use these with a large, sturdy pot, and keep them away from buildings.
#10 – Open Fire
There is skill involved with open fire cooking. There is no knob to turn or button to push to adjust the temperature. It’s quite easy to burn food on the outside and/or leave it cold in the center.
If you plan to cook over an open fire during emergencies, it’s a good idea to practice. Try it out in a low stress situation, like camping in your backyard. You need fireproof cookware or aluminum foil or large leaves, depending on your technique.
General Emergency Cooking Tips
Emergency cooking without electricity is easier when you’re prepared. Keep these tips in mind for planning.
Think “Heat” Instead of “Cook”
Reheating fully cooked foods is easier than preparing whole, non-cooked foods. For instance, canned beans are much easier to use than dried beans. They don’t require additional water, soaking time or extended cooking time.
Include “heat and eat” options in your long term food storage, such as canned foods or freeze dried foods. Many canned foods are pre-cooked and safe to eat directly from the can without heating.
If you have heat and water, freeze dried foods provide good quick meals. See our Best Freeze Dried Foods article for more information.
Stock Manual Kitchen Tools
Make sure you have people powered tools instead of electric cooking equipment. Electric tools do not work when the power is out. Get a manual can opener.
Use the Right Pots and Pans
Make sure you have the proper tools for your cooking method of choice. Fires and grills can be much hotter than your average stove burner. (No plastic spatulas, please.)
Long handles and hot pads, oven mittens, fire gloves or at least a folded rag to grab hot handles are a must. Cast iron cookware is a workhorse. A Dutch oven will allow you to bake bread in the stove, on the grill or campfire.
For more information, see Cooking With Cast Iron.
Know How to Use Your Emergency Cooking Option
Practice, practice, practice with your cooking option of choice. At the very least, practice making the quick to fix foods that would be emergency fare. If you are truly inexperienced in the kitchen, just practice cooking – any cooking.
“Camp out” once a month to make sure you have all the tools, fuel and other supplies you need. Practice building a fire and cooking over an open flame. Learn traditional cooking recipes. Like any skill, food preparation gets easier the more you do it.
Know How to Cook Without Frills
Practice cooking with only minimal equipment. Go on a camping trip, have backyard cookouts, cook a meal on the beach. Cooking without your stove and all your regular “stuff” will make things so much easier if you end up without power.
Repetition builds muscle memory so your body remembers when your brain is distracted. It also reduces stress because you at least know how you will eat.
What about using a generator to power a stove?
Using an emergency generator to power an electric stove or microwave is not a good idea. Electric stoves and microwaves use a lot of power in a short amount of time. It’s more efficient to use other fuel sources, such as natural gas, wood or charcoal.
When the grid is down, a gas stove may not light, because most gas stoves use an electric ignition. If you still have gas to the burner, you can light them with a lighter for emergency cooking. Be sure to turn off the gas when you finish cooking.
Related Articles
- Emergency Power Options for Your Home
- Winter Vehicle Emergency Kit Checklist
- Emergency Heat During a Power Outage and other Winter Storm Preps
- Emergency Water Storage & Filtration – What You Need to Know BEFORE Emergencies Hit.
- What’s the Best Solar Cooker? Choosing the Right Unit for Your Cooking Style
This article is by Laurie Neverman. She has a BS in Math/Physics and MS in Mechanical Engineering with an emphasis in renewable energy. Laurie and her family live in a “concrete bunker” (ICF home) with a permaculture food forest, greenhouses, and three types of solar. They “walk the talk” of preparedness by living a more self-reliant lifestyle.
Originally posted in 2013, updated 2024.